矽胶玩具般的肌理模拟，让我想到洋娃娃做演出的偶剧创意


撰文／蔡玮
从搜捕、隔离流浪犬的市政机制，联想到政治的法西斯独裁体制。又从主事者对猫狗不同的偏好，牵扯出民族主义与种族灭绝的议题。主人翁设定为掌权家庭中寄人篱下的未成年人，重叠上神话或演义中拯救犬族的少年英雄，同时符合诉求年轻观众的票房需要。主人翁未来感的装束、个人客制化的飞行装置，是主要抢眼的噱头之一。尤其是矽胶玩具般的肌理模拟，让我想到洋娃娃做演出的偶剧创意。连同被放逐到岛上的家犬或流浪狗等脚色毛茸茸却干瘪的躯体、神经质般动静反差强烈的动作风格，又让我意会到这未始不是一出暗示性的以剥制标本为戏偶的演出，这又让我感受到一股死亡的阴森美学。
死亡与戏剧或剧场的关系深厚，如能剧、傩剧、或跳锺馗等。但本片与其说透过脚色的身份隐射亡者的灵魂，不如说借用现实中充满死亡阴影的事件、场景等，建构一个与现实呈现剧烈反差的废墟剧场—死亡的元素并非由脚色所带出而是由整个演出的场景所暗示，何况造意者从中注入各种未来感的科技元素，让死亡或无生命的非有机体世界的感官感受更为强烈。它的伦理意义在美学经营中完成，因此也替造意者无限征用福岛核灾的符号的做法除罪。义无反顾的斑点与小主人的友情、流浪犬大哥的华丽转身与罗漫史、尤其东京的美国交换女学生发起的抵制独裁与犬只的灭绝阴谋的行动、甚至掌权者做出的道德抉择，让人感受到一丝丝人性的暗示或彩度，而这些都是在森冷、灰暗的未来科技、核灾的死亡阴影等、共同构成的非人性肌理的背景下跳出、获得凸显。
本片让我联想到日片【大约三十个谎言】的又一主题，社会对掌权者的谎言与欺瞒不知不觉中内化的深层影响，严重的时候可以导致群体人格的解体—诚信是人格统整的堤防，缺少诚信的政权使正直的人无所适从，不再信任独裁者代理的群体意志。而唯有透过民意的更新才能解除类似的危机，而这往往是独裁者营私腐败、法西斯扭曲手段与目的之理性透支作为之馀所始料未及的。坚持政权的民意更新是维持社会群体人格完整所必须，相反的透过诈术、暴力、欺瞒手段以维持权力与秩序稳定的做法，只会让个人赖以生存的社会在不知不觉中走向瓦解、败亡—这也是历史上的封建王朝无一倖免的耗尽诚信资本走向历史终结的共同命运的系统性错误。（蔡玮，20180518犬之岛）
Directed by Wes Anderson
Produced by
Wes Anderson
Scott Rudin
Steven Rales
Jeremy Dawson
Screenplay by Wes Anderson
Story by
Wes Anderson
Roman Coppola
Jason Schwartzman
Kunichi Nomura
Starring
Bryan Cranston
Edward Norton
Bill Murray
Jeff Goldblum
Bob Balaban
Kunichi Nomura
Ken Watanabe
Greta Gerwig
Frances McDormand
Fisher Stevens
Nijiro Murakami
Harvey Keitel
Koyu Rankin
Liev Schreiber
Scarlett Johansson
Tilda Swinton
Akira Ito
Akira Takayama
F. Murray Abraham
Yojiro Noda
Mari Natsuki
Yoko Ono
Frank Wood
Narrated by Courtney B. Vance
Music by Alexandre Desplat
Cinematography Tristan Oliver
Edited by
Ralph Foster
Edward Bursch
Production company
Indian Paintbrush
American Empirical Pictures
Distributed by Fox Searchlight Pictures
Release date
February 15, 2018 (Berlinale)
March 23, 2018 (United States)
May 10, 2018 (Germany)
Running time
101 minutes
Country
United States
Germany
Language
English
Japanese
Box office $50.5 million
Cast
Bryan Cranston as Chief
Koyu Rankin as Atari Kobayashi
Edward Norton as Rex
Bob Balaban as King
Bill Murray as Boss
Jeff Goldblum as Duke
Kunichi Nomura as Mayor Kobayashi
Akira Takayama as Major Domo
Greta Gerwig as Tracy Walker
Frances McDormand as Interpreter Nelson
Akira Ito as Professor Watanabe
Scarlett Johansson as Nutmeg
Harvey Keitel as Gondo
F. Murray Abraham as Jupiter
Yoko Ono as Assistant Scientist Yoko Ono
Tilda Swinton as Oracle
Ken Watanabe as Head Surgeon
Mari Natsuki as Auntie
Fisher Stevens as Scrap
Nijiro Murakami as Editor Hiroshi
Liev Schreiber as Spots
Courtney B. Vance as the narrator
Yojiro Noda as News Anchor
Frank Wood as Simul-Translate Machine
Roman Coppola as Igor
Anjelica Huston as Mute Poodle
Kara Hayward as Peppermint
（Wikipedia）